ASTM A213 T9/T11/T22/T91 Alloy ati Tubing Alagbara fun Awọn igbomikana ati Awọn olupaṣiparọ Ooru

Nibo Awọn tubes wọnyi Ṣiṣẹ Dara julọ (ati Kilode ti Alagbara Nigbagbogbo AamiEye)

Awọn igbomikana agbara, awọn HRSGs, awọn igbona kemikali, ati awọn paarọ igbona iwapọ gbogbo gbarale ASTM A213/SA213 awọn tubes alailẹgbẹ. Nigbati kiloraidi - ti o nru condensate, awọn yiyi-igbẹ tutu loorekoore, tabi awọn ibeere imototo wiwọ wa lori tabili,austenitic alagbara onipò (TP jara)ṣọ lati ga ju awọn ipele chrome{{0} moly ferritic o ṣeun si ipata gbogbogbo ti o ga julọ ati idiwọ pitting, ipari inu didan, ati mimọ irọrun. Iwọn otutu giga{2}, iṣẹ gbigbẹ pẹlu awọn ala ti nrakò ti o muna si tun tọjuT- awọn ipeleninu ere-paapaa fun ile ifowopamọ igbona ati atungbo.

Awọn ọran lilo deede:

Alagbara (TP304/304H, TP316L/316H, TP321/321H, TP347/347H): awọn paarọ ooru, awọn idii condenser, ifunni{8}}awọn igbona omi, ibajẹ tabi gigun kẹkẹ{9} iṣẹ tutu.

Alloy ferritic (T9, T11, T22, T91): gbigbona superheater/apakan reheater ati awọn akọle nibiti agbara gigun gun- jọba.

astm a213 sa213 seamless tubing bundles t11 t22 t91-octal pipe chrome moly boiler tubing sa213 t22 t91 packed for shipment-octal pipe

Yiyan Alagbara la Chrome-Moly: Ona Wulo

Ọna ti o rọrun lati ṣe fireemu ipinnu ni lati ṣe maapualabọde + otutu + ibi-afẹde igbesi ayeto a ite ebi.

Table 1 - Quick aṣayan awọn ifẹnule

Ifojusi iṣẹ	Idile TP alagbara (aṣoju)	Idile Ferritic T (aṣoju)
Awọn chlorides / awọn iyika tutu-gbẹ / mimọ	TP316L / 316H; TP304/304H ti o ba ti kekere chlorides	Ko fẹ
Iṣakoso ifamọ ni iwọn otutu giga	TP321/321H (Ti -ti diduro); TP347/347H	-
Ala ti nrakò ti o ga julọ (gbẹ, gaasi ti o gbona pupọ)	TP347H/321H ni a yan igba	T91 > T22 > T11 ≈ T9
Ewu ti o kere julọ ti pitting ni iṣẹ omi okun	TP316L (Mo{1})	-
Iye owo - ṣiṣe ni iṣẹ gbigbona dede	TP304/304H	T11/T22 (nigbati ipata jẹ ìwọnba)

Awọn alaye lẹkunrẹrẹ ise agbese nigbagbogbo bori; tabili ni ọna abuja fun tete waworan.

Awọn giredi Alagbara ni iwo kan (Tẹra TP)

Table 2 - Wọpọ alagbara ọpọn iwẹ àṣàyàn labẹ A213

Ipele	Awọn ifojusi kemistri mojuto	Ohun ti o dara ni	Awọn ohun elo aṣoju
TP304 / 304H	~18Cr-8Ni (H=sakani erogba otutu giga)	IwUlO gbooro; awọn ipele mimọ; ti o dara fabricability	Condenser/ooru{0}}awọn idii paarọ, awọn igbona
TP316L / 316H	Ṣe afikun ~ 2–3% Mo; L=kekere C; H=giga{4}}	Dara pitting / crevice resistance vs 304/304H	Omi okun-itutu agbaiye, media kiloraidi
TP321 / 321H	Ti - ti diduro	Iṣakoso ifamọ ni iwọn otutu ti o ga	Superheater coils, giga{0}awọn oluparọ otutu
TP347 / 347H	Nb- ti diduro	Iru si 321; window imuduro ti o lagbara sii	Ileru / igbomikana coils pẹlu gbona gigun kẹkẹH{0}awọn ipele ibi-afẹde ti o ga{1}}agbara iwọn otutu; L- awọn ipele ifọkansi ifọkansi weldability ati resistance si ifamọ ni iṣẹ olomi.

Ferritic Alloy "T" Awọn onipò ni O tọ

Table 3 - Nibo T9, T11, T22, T91 ojo melo yẹ

Ipele	Agbekale (ipin)	Iwo agbara (gbona)	Aṣoju ipa
T11	~ 1.25Cr-0.5Mo	Ipilẹṣẹ	Iwontunwonsi{0}}igbomi-oru/ooru{1}}awọn ọpọn iyipada
T22	~ 2.25Cr-1Mo	↑ vs T11	Awọn banki igbona; iye owo - ala ti nrakò daradara
T9	~9Cr-1Mo (ferritic)	Iru band to T22	Yan awọn iṣẹ to gbona ati awọn agbegbe iyipada
T91	9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb (igba otutu)	Ẹgbẹ ti o ga julọ	Superheater / reheater awọn apakan ti o gbona pupọ

Awọn ifaworanhan Kemistri (Awọn sakani itọkasi)

Table 4 – Austenitic alagbara (TP jara, wt.%)

Ipele	C (L/H)	Kr	Ni	Mo	Amuduro
TP304/304H	Kere ju tabi dọgba si 0.035 / 0.04–0.10	~18–20	~8–11	-	-
TP316L/316H	Kere ju tabi dọgba si 0.035 / 0.04–0.10	~16–18	~10–14	~2.0–3.0	-
TP321/321H	Kere ju tabi dọgba si 0.035 / 0.04–0.10	~17–19	~9–13	-	Ti
TP347/347H	Kere ju tabi dọgba si 0.035 / 0.04–0.10	~17–19	~9–13	-	Nb/Ta

Tabili 5 – Ferritic alloy (T jara, wt.%)

Ipele	C (iru.)	Cr (iru.)	Mo (iru.)	V/Nb/N (nigbati o ba wulo)
T11	Kere ju tabi dogba si 0.12	~1.0–1.5	~0.44–0.65	-
T22	Kere ju tabi dogba si 0.15	~1.9–2.6	~0.87–1.13	-
T9	Kere ju tabi dogba si 0.15	~8–10	~0.9–1.1	-
T91	0.08–0.12	~8–9.5	~0.85–1.05	V, Nb, N awọn afikun kekere

Kan si ASTM A213/SA213 tuntun fun awọn opin iṣakoso ati awọn ifarada itupalẹ ọja.

Mechanical & Giga{{0}Awọn ami iwọn otutu (O kere ju ni iwọn otutu yara)

Tabili 6 – O kere ju itọkasi (ṣayẹwo koodu lọwọlọwọ/boṣewa)

Idile / ite	Fifẹ min	Ipese min	Elongation min
Austenitic (fun apẹẹrẹ, TP304/316L)	≈ 515 MPa (75 ksi)	≈ 205 MPa (30 ksi)	≈ 35%
TP321/347 (awọn ipele H)	≈ 515 MPa	≈ 205 MPa	≈ 30–35%
T11/T22	≈ 415 MPa	≈ 205 MPa	≈ 20%
T91	≈ 585 MPa	≈ 415 MPa	≈ 20%

Awọn akọsilẹ iṣelọpọ - Ailopin Nikan (Alapin A213)

Awọn ọna:gbigbona{0}ti pari lẹhinna tutu{1}}o pari si iwọn; ojuutu alailagbara nigbagbogbo-annealed atipickled / passivatedfun a mọ ID.
Itọju igbona:austenitic alagbara-ojutu anneal + iyara tutu; T91-normalize & temper (fun spec); T11 / T22-normalizing tabi subcritical awọn itọju bi pato.
Dada & mimọ:ọpọn alagbara ti a pese nigbagbogbo pẹlu ID kekere - fun gbigbe ooru to munadoko ati mimọ{1} ni- awọn ilana ibi.
Geometry:Awọn ifarada OD/sisanra ati itara ṣe iranlọwọ idii apejọ ati ọpọn -lati{1}} alurinmorin tube.
U{0}}lẹ:ti a pese fun ooru alailagbara - awọn idii paarọ pẹlu awọn redio ti tẹ idari ati iderun wahala nigbati o nilo.

Idanwo & Ayẹwo O yẹ ki o pato

Tabili 7 – Awọn ibeere ti o wọpọ labẹ A213 (iṣẹ akanṣe -ti o gbẹkẹle)

Nkan	Alagbara TP jara	T{0} jara (T11/T22/T91)
Hydrostatic tabi idanwo itanna NDE	O jẹ dandan (ọkan tabi omiiran)	O jẹ dandan (ọkan tabi omiiran)
Eddy lọwọlọwọ / ultrasonic (NDE)	Nigbagbogbo pato fun 100% agbegbe	Nigbagbogbo pato fun 100% agbegbe
Flattening / igbunaya / flange igbeyewo	Bi pato nipa A213	Bi pato nipa A213
Iwọn ọkà (austenitic)	Ti beere nibiti o ba wulo	-
Idanwo ipata intergranular (IGC)	Nipa aṣẹ (fun apẹẹrẹ, awọn ọna ASTM A262)	-
Iṣakoso lile	Nigbagbogbo alaye	Lominu ni fun T91 fun ilana
PMI & iwe	PMI lori awọn edidi; kikun MTC package	PMI lori awọn edidi; kikun MTC package

Wiwa Onisẹpo (Itọkasi Pipe Oṣu Kẹwa)

Tabili 8 – apoowe ipese to jọmọ (iṣẹ akanṣe -pato)

Paramita	Alagbara TP jara	T{0} jara (T11/T22/T91)
Ita opin	~ 12.7–114.3 mm (½ ninu – 4½ in)	Ibiti o jọra
Odi sisanra	~ 1.24-12.7 mm (fun iṣeto / iyaworan)	~ 2-16 mm (awọn odi ti o wuwo wa.)
Awọn ipari	Titi di 12 m aṣoju; ge -si -igun	Up to 12 m aṣoju
Ipari	Pickled/passivated, didan lori req	Ipari deede / tempered
Tube pari	Awọn opin pẹtẹlẹ; tube -lati -ipele iwe tube	Awọn opin pẹtẹlẹ; beveled ti o ba ti req

Akojọ Ayẹwo (Kini lati Fi sinu Iwe-ipamọ data)

Iwọn ati ipo: TP304 / 316L / 321/347 (L / H bi o ṣe nilo) tabi T11 / T22 / T91 pẹlu itọju ooru ti o nilo.
Awọn iwọn: OD, odi, ge awọn ipari; U{{0}tẹ awọn rediosi ati ifarada ẹsẹ ti o ba wulo.
Ooru itọju & dada: ojutu anneal + pickling/passivation (alagbara); normalize / temper (bi iwulo).
Eto NDE: hydrostatic tabi idanwo itanna; 100% eddy lọwọlọwọ / UT ti o ba nilo; gbigba àwárí mu.
Iṣakoso ibajẹ: Idanwo IGC fun awọn onipò iduroṣinṣin ti o ba jẹ pato; kiloraidi ifilelẹ; ninu Ilana.
Iwe: MTC fun EN 10204 (fun apẹẹrẹ, 3.1), wiwa kakiri, iṣakojọpọ, isamisi.
Ẹkẹta-: jẹri/ayẹwowa lori ìbéèrè(BV, SGS, ati bẹbẹ lọ).

FAQ

Q1: Bawo ni MO ṣe yan laarin awọn giredi TP alagbara ati chrome{1}}moly T labẹ ASTM A213/SA213?
A1:Lo awọn onipò TP fun tutu / idọti tabi iṣẹ kiloraidi ati awọn iwulo mimọ; lo awọn ipele T nigba ti o gbẹ ga soke -iwọn otutu ti nrakò ni awakọ akọkọ.

Q2: Kini iyatọ ti o wulo laarin SA213 T11, T22, ati T91 tubing?
A2:T11 jẹ ipilẹ ipilẹ fun iwọn otutu iwọntunwọnsi, T22 ṣe afikun ala ti nrakò fun awọn apakan igbona, ati pe T91 ni a lo fun iṣẹ giga ti o ga julọ{3}

Q3: Awọn ayewo ati awọn iwe aṣẹ wo ni MO yẹ ki MO beere fun ASTM A213/SA213 tubing?
A3:Beere fun idanwo hydrotest tabi NDE ina mọnamọna, 100% eddy lọwọlọwọ/UT ti o ba nilo, PMI, ati pipe EN 10204 3.1 MTC pẹlu ooru{2} awọn igbasilẹ itọju.

Kan si bayi